Rheometer

M3600 Automatic Rheometer

General
The Grace Instrument M3600 Rheometer is a true Couette, coaxial cylinder, rotational viscometer. Unlike the Fann Model 35®, the M3600 can run tests automatically, freeing technicians to perform other work. It meets the various fluid rheology measuring needs of our customers, from on-site oilfield personnel doing single-speed tests (no computer needed) in harsh environments to laboratory researchers doing advanced rheology testing with our user-friendly software. It is equally suitable for use in both the field and the laboratory because of its innovative design, rugged construction, versatility, and portability.

Durable and easy to use
The M3600 Rheometer incorporates a user-friendly interface, robust electronics, and a steel framework, which allows for years of trouble-free operation and minimal maintenance. Clean-up between tests is quick and easy. Calibration is automatically performed with the push of a button.

Standalone or integrated with PC, software covers general viscosity to specialty tests
The M3600 Rheometer can be used as a standalone unit, enabling users to create test sequences and record test data without the use of external equipment. It can also be connected to a Microsoft Windows PC operating our custom software for advanced test operations, test results analysis, and to export test data in spreadsheet format. Every order includes our custom software: M3600Frac for measuring fracturing fluids and M3600DAQ for general viscosity measurement and mud testing.

M3600 Acid Rheometer
Click here to see the acid version of the M3600.

U.S. Patent No.: 6,571,609
Dimensions: 16" Height x 5" Width x 8" Depth
Weight: 12 lbs. (rheometer with standard setup and heater cup)
Temperature Range: Ambient (20°F with optional Chiller Cup) to 212°F (with optional Heater Cup)
Pressure: Atmospheric Pressure
Sample Size: 35-500 mL (Depending on Bob/Cup/Sleeve Size and Type)
Resolution: 1 dyne/cm2
Speed Range: 0.01 to 600 rpm Continuous
Shear Rate Range: 0.0038 to 1021 sec-1
Shear Stress Range: .02 to 3,500 dyne/cm2
Viscosity Range: 0.1 to 100,000,000 Centipoise
Torque: 7 μN.m to 14 mN.m
Accuracy: ±0.5% Torque Span or Better
Rheometer Voltage: 90V AC to 240V AC
Rheometer with Heater Cup Wattage: 350 W
Frequency: 50/60 Hz
Heater Cup (Sold Separately) Voltage:
Varies per user's power supply requirements. Either a 110-120V AC OR 220-240V AC configuration (not both). Please check electrical labeling on your heater cup to verify which voltage configuration applies.*

*If unsure if your power supply setup is appropriate, or if there are any questions or doubts, contact Grace Instrument before plugging anything in.
Standards: API 10 & API 13 Compliant
Operating System Requirements: Windows 9X/2000/XP/Vista/7/8/10/11
ROTOR/BOB MEASUREMENT RANGE
Rotor Bob R1 B1 R1 B2 R1 B5 R7 B7
BASIC DATA
Rotor Radius (cm) 1.8415 1.8415 1.8415 2.9108
Bob Radius (cm) 1.7245 1.2276 1.5987 2.7264
Bob Height (cm) 3.800 3.800 3.800 7.6
Shear Gap in Annulus (cm) 0.1170 0.6139 0.2428 0.1844
Radii Ratio, R1/R0 0.9365 0.666 0.8682 .9367
Maximum Use Temperature (°F) 212 212 212 212
Minimum Use Temperature (°F) Ambient
(20°F with Chiller)		 Ambient
(20°F with Chiller)		 Ambient
(20°F with Chiller)		 Ambient
(20°F with Chiller)
SHEAR STRESS RANGE
Shear Stress Range (dynes/cm2) 1~2,000 (Standard) 2~3,500 (Cement) 1~2,300 1~2000 (Standard)
SHEAR RATE RANGE
Shear Rate Constant k3, sec-1 per rpm 1.7023 0.377 0.85115 1.7023
Shear Rate Range, sec-1 γ = k3N
• N = 0.01 rpm 0.017 0.0038 0.0085 0.017
• N = 0.1 rpm 0.17 0.038 0.085 0.7
• N = 1 rpm 1.7 0.38 0.85 1.7
• N = 10 rpm 17 3.8 8.5 17
• N = 100 rpm 170 37.7 85.1 170
• N = 600 rpm 1,021 226 510.7 1021 (Maximum 511 Recommended)
VISCOSITY RANGE IN CENTIPOISE
Minimum Viscosity 0.098 0.088 0.2 0.02
Maximum Viscosity 10,000,000 100,000,000 25,000,000 2,000,000
  • Sturdy, portable, and compact.
  • Can create test sequences and record test data without use of external equipment.
  • Exports test data in a spreadsheet format.
  • Includes LCD display with automatic keypad control.
  • Allows test flexibility.
  • Stores test data.
  • Low maintenance with repeatable results.
  • An acid-proof option is available, which allows the user to test samples with high acid concentrations, including fluids with 30% HCl.
  • Carrying case can hold the M3600 Rheometer with an attached rotor sleeve. It also has slots for a dust shield, three bobs (B1, B2, and B5), a heater cup, and other items can fit in an extra slot or between the M3600’s legs.
  • Heater Cup can be purchased separately.
  • Chiller Cup is made from stainless steel and can be purchased separately.
  • Compatible with R7 Sleeve and B7 Bob (R7B7), which enhances low viscosity measurements.
Read more about our instrument's technical applications within these scientific and academic publications:

  1. SPE-221449-PA 2024
    Oxidative Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid to Enhance Production From Source Rock Reservoirs, 22 May, 2024
    Mixed fluids were placed into a Grace M3600 Viscometer, which measured the viscosity of mixed fluids at both 70°F and 180°F.
    https://onepetro-org.srv-proxy1.library.tamu.edu/SJ/article/doi/10.2118/221449-PA/545652/Oxidative-Hydraulic-Fracturing-Fluid-to-Enhance?searchresult=1

  2. SPE-217899-MS 2024
    Reservoir Sandstone Wettability in Relation to Injection Water Salinity and Reservoir Temperature, 14 February, 2024
    The Grace M3600 Viscometer determined the viscosity of crude oil.
    https://onepetro-org.srv-proxy1.library.tamu.edu/SPEFD/proceedings/24FD/2-24FD/D021S009R003/540929?searchresult=1

  3. Geoenergy Science and Engineering, Volume 228, September 2023, 212-007 2023
    H2S Scavenging Performance and Rheological Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluids Comprising ZIF-67
    Rheological properties of water-based drilling muds containing ZIF-67s were measured with a Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949891023005948

  4. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Transactions of the ASME, 145(3): 1-36 2022
    Magnesium Bromide as Novel High-Density Packer Fluid (HDPF) IN Oilfield Applications
    A Grace M3600 Viscometer was used to measure the rheological properties of packer fluids for oilfield applications.
    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362873985_Magnesium_Bromide_as_Novel_High-Density_Packer_Fluid_HDPF_in_Oilfiedl_applications

  5. Results in Engineering, Volume 15, September 2022, 100-520 2022
    Development of a Novel High Density Completion Fluid with CuO Nanoparticle as Promising Additive to Improve the Rheological Properties
    Rheological properties of base completion fluids influenced by copper oxide nanoparticles were measured with a Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123022001906

  6. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Volume 209, February 2022, 109-898 2022
    The Study of Ultralow Interfacial Tension SiO2-Surfactant Foam for Enhanced Oil Recovery
    Rheological properties of base completion fluids influenced by copper oxide nanoparticles were measured with a Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920410521015151

  7. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 15, Article Number: 138 2022
    Effect of Temperature on Sandstone Rock Wettability Behavior: A study on the Barail Sandstone Outcrop of the Upper Assam Basin
    A Grace Instrument M3600 Viscometer was used to determine the viscosity of formation water from oil-producing reservoirs in the Upper Assam Basin.
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12517-022-09429-0

  8. Arabian Journal For Science and Engineering, 47, 11929-11929 2022
    Aging Effects on the Rheological Properties of Novel Magnesium Bromide Hexahydrate-Based Completion Fluids for Oil and Gas Reservoirs
    Rheological properties of completion fluid used in drilling were evaluated using a Grace Instrument M3600 Viscometer.
    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/359543625_Aging_Effects_on_the_Rheological_Properties_of_Novel_Magnesium_Bromide_Hexahydrate-Based_Completion_Fluids_for_Oil_and_Gas_Reservoirs

  9. SPE-210405-MS 2022
    Microfluidic Study of Polymer Permeability Reduction Mechanisms
    Polymer solution viscosity was measured with a M3600 Viscometer at various shear rates to determine if distribution of fluid in porous medium had a direct impact on pressure drop.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEATCE/proceedings-abstract/22ATCE/3-22ATCE/D031S049R004/509336

  10. SPE-208835-MS 2022
    High Viscosity Friction Reducer that Minimizes Damage to Conductivity
    A Grace Instrument M3600 Viscometer was used to compare the rheological properties of HVFR-A with other products used as friction reducers (FR) in slickwater fracturing operations.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEFD/proceedings-abstract/22FD/2-22FD/D022S010R004/479448

  11. SPE-204773-MS 2021
    Application of a Novel Ecofriendly Okra Powder as Fluid Loss Controller in Water Based Drilling Fluids
    Rheological properties of drilling fluids were tested with a M3600 Viscometer from Grace Instruments Inc. at 120°F and atmospheric pressure conditions.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEMEOS/proceedings-abstract/21MEOS/2-21MEOS/D021S002R003/474580

  12. SPE-204333-MS 2021
    Triazine Polymers for Improving Elastic Properties in Oil Well Cements
    Rheological properties of drilling fluids were tested with a M3600 Viscometer from Grace Instruments Inc. at 120°F and atmospheric pressure conditions.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEOCC/proceedings-abstract/21OCC/2-21OCC/D021S010R001/472722

  13. SPE-201246-PA 2021
    New Insight into Mass Transfer when Using the Rotating Disk Apparatus for Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids
    Viscosity of friction reducer solutions were measured with a Grace M3600 viscometer at different shear rates at room temperature and pressure.
    https://onepetro.org/SJ/article-abstract/26/03/1161/453815/New-Insights-into-Mass-Transfer-when-Using-the?redirectedFrom=fulltext

  14. SPE-202143-MS 2021
    Impact of Multi-Branched Ionic Liquid on Shale Swelling and Hydration for High Temperature Drilling Applications
    Drilling fluid viscosity was measured with a Grace M3600 Viscometer as per API-13B recommended practice at 120°F.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEMEDT/proceedings-abstract/20MEDT/2-20MEDT/D021S006R003/463481

  15. Colloids and Surfaces A: Phsiochemical and Engineering Aspects, Volume 610, February 2021, 125-694 2021
    Pickering Emulsion Stabilized by Organoclay and Intermediately Hydrophobic Nanosilica for High-Temperature Conditions
    Rheological data of emulsions were measured at room temperature with a Couette-type Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927775720312875

  16. SPE-201709-MS 2020
    Experimental Study of Cutting Transport with Non-Newtonian Fluid in an Inclined Well Using Visualization and ERT Techniques
    Viscosity of fluids mixed with Flowzan biopolymer were measured with a Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEATCE/proceedings-abstract/20ATCE/2-20ATCE/D022S061R009/451237

  17. SPE-201578-MS 2020
    Experimental Study of Cutting Transport with Non-Newtonian Fluid in an Inclined Well Using Visualization and ERT Techniques
    Viscosity of fluids mixed with Flowzan biopolymer were measured with a Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEATCE/proceedings-abstract/20ATCE/2-20ATCE/D022S061R009/451237

  18. URTEC-2020-3067-MS 2020
    TDS-Tolerant, Low-Damaging, Crosslinked Friction Reducer Fracturing Fluids for Deeper Unconventional Wells
    Viscosity of spacer systems were measured with a Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/URTECONF/proceedings-abstract/20URTC/2-20URTC/D023S048R001/448000

  19. OTC-30872-MS 2020
    The Application and Comparative Study of Calcined Clay and Nanoclay Mixed Cement Slurries at HPHT Conditions
    Viscosity of mixed cement slurries with clay or nanoclay were measured with a Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/OTCONF/proceedings-abstract/20OTC/1-20OTC/D011S005R002/107798

  20. SPE-199242-MS 2020
    An Innovative Spacer System Designed with Biodegradable Polymer and Loss Circulation Material to Aid in Formation Damage Control
    Viscosity of fluid samples with friction reducing fracturing fluids were measured with a Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEFD/proceedings-abstract/20FD/2-20FD/D021S014R001/446198

  21. SPE-199316-MS 2020
    Laboratory Evaluation of Mud Systems for Drilling High Clay Shales in Dynamic Conditions: Comparison of Inhibitive Systems
    Viscosity of mixtures of water, bentonite, barite, and lignite were measured with a Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEFD/proceedings-abstract/20FD/2-20FD/D022S011R003/446228

  22. URTEC-2019-414-MS 2019
    An Experimental Investigation of Proppant Transport in High Loading Friction-Reduced Systems Utilizing a Horizontal Wellbore Apparatus
    For multiple concentrations of high loading friction reducer based fluids, the shear stress and viscosity were determined using a M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/URTECONF/proceedings-abstract/19URTC/2-19URTC/D023S034R002/160208

  23. ARMA-2019-0035 2019
    Quantifying the Reduction in Breakdown Pressure Based on Fluid Saturation
    Viscosity of a mixture of fracturing fluid and oil samples were calculated with a M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/ARMAUSRMS/proceedings-abstract/ARMA19/All-ARMA19/ARMA-2019-0035/124569

  24. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, Volume 223, June 2019, 103471 2019
    A pore-scale investigation of heavy crude oil trapping and removal during surfactant-enhanced remediation
    Dynamic viscosity of the heavy crude oil under standard laboratory temperatures was tested by Grace Instruments M3600 Viscometer.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169772218303188

  25. OTC-29261-MS 2019
    Study of the Annular Restriction Effect Caused by Magnetorheological Fluids in the Presence of a Magnetic Field
    Viscosity of magnetorheological fluid used in drilling were measured with a M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/OTCONF/proceedings-abstract/19OTC/4-19OTC/D041S054R003/181128

  26. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Volume 173, February 2019, 941-954 2019
    How different nanoparticles affect the rheological properties of aqueous Wyoming sodium bentonite suspensions
    Rheological measurements were performed at three different temperatures (25°C, 40°C and 60°C) and ambient pressure, using a Couette type viscometer (Grace M3600).
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0920410518309677

  27. Mineral Resources Management, Volume 34, Issue 4, December 2018, 133-144 (M3500) 2018
    The impact of modern drilling fluids on improving the hydraulic efficiency of water wells
    Rheological properties were measured using viscometer M3500 Grace Instruments controlled by a computer.
    http://journals.pan.pl/dlibra/publication/122587/edition/106859/content

  28. SPE-191774-18ERM-MS 2018
    Successful Implementation of High Viscosity Friction Reducer in Marcellus Shale Stimulation
    M3600 model automatic viscometer from Grace Instrument was used for measurement. A shear rate of 50 sec-1 was applied for 30 minutes of measurement. The viscosity measurement reported (in cP) is the average of the final ten minutes.
    https://onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-191774-18ERM-MS

  29. SPE-191784-MS 2018
    Novel High Performing Non-Beaded Lightweight Cements with Enhanced Mechanical Properties for Enabling Faster Drilling
    The viscosity of the cement slurry at various shear rates was measured using Grace Instrument M3600 automatic viscometer. Test procedures and data acquisition were controlled by a computer running Grace M3600DAQTM software.
    https://onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-191784-MS

  30. Chemical Engineering Transactions, Volume 65, June 2018, 343-348 2018
    Evaluation of Polymer Properties for Potential Selection in Enhanced Oil Recovery
    The rheological properties were measured using a Fann Viscometer (below room temperature) and a Grace Instrument Viscometer (above room temperature) for temperature effect, as well as a Brookfield DV-LI+ Viscometer (shear rate, molecular weight, polymer concentration, salinity and divalent effects).
    https://www.aidic.it/cet/18/65/058.pdf

  31. SPE-191689-MS 2018
    Factory Model Approach for Successful Coil Tubing Unit Drillout Operations in Unconventional Horizontal Wells
    Fluid system viscosities were measured with a M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEATCE/proceedings-abstract/18ATCE/2-18ATCE/D021S018R003/213755

  32. SPE-192365-MS 2018
    Effect of the Type of Fracturing Fluid on the Breakdown Pressure of Tight Sandstone Rocks
    Gel properties were measured with a M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPESATS/proceedings-abstract/18SATS/All-18SATS/SPE-192365-MS/215200

  33. SPE-190146-MS 2018
    Novel and High Performing Wellbore Cleaning Fluids with Surprisingly Flat Viscosity over Time and Different Temperatures
    The viscosity of the spacer fluids at various shear rates was measured using Grace Instrument M3600 automatic viscometer. Test procedures and data acquisition were controlled by a computer running Grace M3600DAQTM software. Shear rates were controlled automatically by M3600 viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-190146-MS

  34. SPE-189535-MS 2018
    Improving Well Productivity of Tight Gas Reservoirs by Using Sodium Silicate in Water-Based Drill-in Fluid
    Viscosity of drill-in fluid were measured with a M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEFD/proceedings-abstract/18FD/1-18FD/D011S003R003/214866

  35. Contemporary Issues in Geoenvironmental Engineering, 148-168 2017
    Study on the Effects of the Rheological Properties for Flow Behavior of Assam Crude Oil with Various Chemicals
    Rheological experiments were carried out by Grace M3600 viscometer. A welcome message is first displayed on the screen of the Grace Instrument M3600-1 viscometer followed by the main menu. By choosing the Test Setup screen, the parameters for the time, temperature and rotational speed are entered. After the test steps have been created, the test is started and the results are obtained on the screen of the instrument which displays the dynamic viscosity in cp and shear stress in dyn/cm2 respectively against the parameters entered.
    https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-61612-4_12

  36. SPE/IADC-184692-MS 2017
    Experimentally Validated First-Principles Multivariate Modeling for Rheological Study and Design of Complex Drilling Nanofluid Systems
    The rheological properties of the CM NP fluids have been measured at ambient pressure and different temperatures of 25°C (77°F), 40°C (104°F), and 60°C (140°F) using a rotational standard fann type viscometer (Grace M3600).
    https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-184692-MS

  37. SPE-183673-MS 2017
    A Non-Damaging Fracturing Fluid System for High-Temperature Unconventional Formations
    After one minute, the contents were transferred to a second container and fixed to a Grace M3600 at 600 RPM (shear rate of 1021 s−1) to complete the rest of the hydration time. The viscosity was then recorded for set durations.
    https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-183673-MS

  38. SPE-179523-MS 2016
    A Novel Viscosity Reduction Plant-Based Diluent for Heavy and Extra-Heavy Oil
    Experimental study of viscosity reducing solvent (toluene and xylene) on two different heavy oil samples of the Mexican heavy crude oil at different solvent concentrations (5, 15, 20, 25, and 30 wt%) and at temperatures varying from 75°F to 190°F.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/179523-MS

  39. SPE-178949-MS 2016
    Nanoparticle-Based Drilling Fluids for Minimizing Formation Damage in HP/HT Applications
    Investigation of nanopartical additives' influence on rheological behavior of drilling fluids at various temperatures (120-200°F). Newtonian shear rates were determined from measurements that were obtained at fixed rotational speeds.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/178949-MS

  40. OTC-27048-MS 2016
    Application of a Novel Cement Spacer with Biodegradable Polymer to Improve Zonal Isolation in HTHP Wells
    Investigation of rheological properties of cement spacer system at room temperature immediately after mixing. Measurements were acquired at various rotational speeds from 3 to 300 rpm.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/27048-MS

  41. AIP Conference Proceedings 1774, 040001 2016
    Metal additives composition and its effect on lubricant characteristic
    Viscosity behaviors were performed using a Grace Instrument M3600 Viscometer, a true Couette, coaxial cylinder, rotational viscometer with rotor radius of 1.7245 cm and bob effective length is 3.8 cm.
    https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.4965083

  42. IPTC-18597-MS 2016
    Synthetic Polymer Fracturing Fluid for Ultrahigh Temperature Applications
    The hydration of the gelling agent was examined using a Grace M3600 viscometer (R1B1) in combination with an overhead mixer and a large testing cup.
    https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/IPTC-18597-MS

  43. OMAE2016-54071 2016
    Incorporation of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles as drilling fluid additives for improved drilling operations
    The impact of the C-NP or CM-NP additives on the rheological profiles of the produced samples was examined at various temperatures (77-158°F) and ambient pressure using a Couette type (concentric cylinders) viscometer (Grace M3600).
    http://proceedings.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/proceeding.aspx?articleid=2571157

  44. Applied Clay Science 136 (2017) 26–36 2016
    Effect of temperature on the rheological properties of neat aqueous Wyoming sodium bentonite dispersions
    Rheological measurements were performed at various temperatures (25 °C up to 80 °C) and ambient pressure, using a Couette type viscometer (Grace M3600). The radii of the fixed cylinder is 17.245mmand of the rotating outer cylinder is 18.415mm, thus giving a gap of 1.170mm and an outer to inner diameter ratio of δ=1.068.
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169131716304963

  45. IPTC-18731-MS 2016
    A Comprehensive Approach for the Development of New Magnetite Nanoparticles Giving Smart Drilling Fluids with Superior Properties for HP/HT Applications
    The rheological properties of the produced fluids have been measured at ambient pressure and different temperatures of 25°C (77°F), 40°C (104°F), and 60°C (140°F) using a rotational standard Fann type viscometer (Grace M3600). Rheological measurements are determined at fixed speeds of 600, 300, 200, 100, 60, 30, 6 and 3 rpm.
    https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/IPTC-18731-MS

  46. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Vol. 11, No. 20, October 2016
    Inorganic metal as lubricant containing additives in SAE 10W-30 Engine oil
    A viscosity-temperature relationship was performed using Grace Instrument M3600 viscometer, a true Couette, coaxial cylinder, rotational viscometer with rotor radius of 1.7245 cm and bob effective length is 3.8 cm.
    http://www.arpnjournals.org/jeas/research_papers/rp_2016/jeas_1016_5173.pdf

  47. SPE-181504-MS 2016
    Reducing Cementing Blend Complexity: A Single Biopolymer Capable of Replacing Multiple Cement Additives
    Viscosity of drill-in fluid were measured with a M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEATCE/proceedings-abstract/16ATCE/2-16ATCE/D021S032R009/184990

  48. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, 6 (8S):37-41, January 2016 2016
    Effect of Copper to Viscosity and Heat Capacity of an Engine Oil
    About 180 mL of samples were prepared for the viscosity-temperature experiment. Grace Instrument M3600 Viscometer, a true Couette, coaxial cylinder, rotational viscometer with rotor radius of 1.7245 cm and a bob effective is 3.8 cm has been used to perform this experiment. This is an automated rotational viscometer. All tests were run at temperature 40 C, 50 C, 60 C, 70 C, 80 C, 90 C, and 100 C with a constant shear rate of 600 sec-1 and temperature correction of 5 F. Throughout the experiment, the value of shear stress was recorded. The absolute viscosity of each sample at different temperature was measured by means of shear rate. The time taken was recorded for the sample to reach each temperature.
    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322929794_Effects_of_Copper_to_Viscosity_and_Heat_Capacity_of_an_Engine_Oil

  49. Catena, Volume 135, December 2015, 350-357 (M3500pH) 2015
    The effective viscosity of slurries laden with vegetative ash
    The Grace Instruments (Houston, Texas) M3500pH rotational viscometer consisted of a rotor bob and a rotating sleeve suspended vertically in the testing material. The rotating sleeve spins at a specified shear rate which induces fluids shear sensed by the rotor bob. The shear gap is 0.61 cm. The viscometer recorded the shear rate and shear stress every 5s and calculated the effective viscosity. Temperature and pH were also monitored and recorded.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0341816214001726

  50. IPTC-18381-MS 2015
    Development and Testing of Novel Drilling Fluids Using Fe2O3 and SiO2 Nanoparticles for Enhanced Drilling Operations
    Rheological properties of various water-based drilling fluids containing iron oxide and silica nanoparticles were investigated. The rheological parameter estimation was done according to the Herschel-Bulkley model.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/IPTC-18381-MS

  51. SPE-176733-MS 2015
    Polymer Flooding by Hydrophobically Associating Polyacrylamide (Technology Of Preparation. The Study Of The Processes Of Stability And Degradation)
    Viscosity of a polymer sample was measured with a Grace M3600 rheometer at shear rates of 170 and 100s-1.
    https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-176733-MS

  52. SPE-175728-MS 2015
    Removal of Ilmenite Oil-based Filter Cake under HP/HT Conditions Using Hydrochloric Acid
    Drilling fluid rheological properties were measured according to the API 13B standard protocol and were conducted at 120°F.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/175728-MS

  53. AIAA 2015-4139 2015
    Effect of Nano Particle Addition on the Regression Rate of Liquefying Fuels
    M3600 series viscometers measure the viscosity by utilizing a rotor bob configuration and by relating the drag torque acted on the bob by the liquid. With the selected low viscosity rotor-bob system (R1- B1), the viscosity measurement range is 0.5-5,000,000 centipoise (cP) as advertised by the vendor, which easily covers the desirable range.
    https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2015-4139

  54. Computer Aided Chemical Engineering 2015
    Development and Parameter Estimation for a Multivariate Herschel-Bulkley Rheological Model of a Nanoparticle-Based Smart Drilling Fluid
    A Couette (Grace M3600) viscometer and a vane (Brookfield YR-1) rheometer are used to measure rheological properties at three distinct temperatures and several nanoparticle concentrations.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444635761500959?via%3Dihub

  55. SPE 167731 (M3500 Viscometer) 2014
    Comprehensive Assessment of Additive and Class G Cement Properties Affecting Rheology, Fluid Loss, Setting Time and Long Term Characteristics of Elastic Cements
    Experimental assessment of non-foamed cement slurries in order to obtain rheological and mechanical properties subjected to both room and high pressure and temperature systems.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/167731-MS

  56. AADE-14-FTCE-15 2014
    Enhanced Fluid Viscosity Using Novel Surfactant Chemistry Purposely Designed for Low-Aromatic Mineral and Synthetic Base Fluids
    (1) The NADF was mixed on OFITE 2 speed laboratory mixers at moderate to high shear. (2) The fluid was then sheared for 5 minutes on a Silverson L4RT at 6,000 rpm. (3) The fluid was immediately transferred to a heating cup and tested on the GRACE M3600 Viscometer at 150°F. (4) After completing the rheology readings, 30 ppb of Rev Dust was added to the fluid and mixed for 1 minute on the OFITE laboratory mixer. (5) The fluids were dynamically aged in pressurized stainless steel ageing cells at 300°F for 16 hours. (6) After ageing and cooling, the fluids were rehomogenized for 1 minute and retested for rheology on the GRACE M3600 Viscometer.
    http://www.aade.org/app/download/7238016206/AADE-14-FTCE-15.pdf

  57. Applied Clay Science 90 165-174 (M3500) 2014
    Rheological properties of palygorskite-bentonite and sepiolite-bentonite mixed clay suspensions
    Investigation into the rheological properties of mixed bentonite-palygorskite suspensions and the influences of layer charge and smectite content on the rheological data.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169131713004286

  58. Journal of Applied Sciences, Volume 14(12): 1304-1308 2014
    Inorganic metal as Additives in SAE 10W-30 Malaysian Automotive Engine Oils
    A viscosity-temperature relationship was performed using Grace Instrument M3600 viscometer, a true Couette, coaxial cylinder, rotational viscometer with rotor radius of 1.7245 cm and bob effective length is 3.8 cm. This is an automated rotational viscometer.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2014.1304.1308

  59. SPE 159701 (M3500) 2013
    Minimizing Environment and Economic Risks With a Proppant-Sized Solid-Scale-Inhibitor Additive in the Bakken Formation
    Development of a new solid-scale inhibitor additive, which is also proppant-sized, in order to minimize environmental hazards in hydraulic fracturing jobs.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/159701-MS

  60. SPE 165184 2013
    Evaluation of Micronized Ilmenite as a Weighting Material in Oil-based Drilling Fluids for HPHT Applications
    Analysis of oil-based drilling muds containing ilmenite as a weighting material based off laboratory studies of the rheological properties at high temperatures as well as filtration characteristics. M3600 was used to measure rheologies of drilling fluids.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/165184-MS

  61. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 155 (2013) 20–30 2013
    A pore scale investigation of crude oil distribution and removal from homogeneous porous media during surfactant-induced remediation
    Dynamic viscosity of the crude oil samples was measured (Grace Instruments M3600 Viscometer) after doping with iodobenzene and determined to be 6. cP (0.06 dyn·s·cm−2).
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169772213001307

  62. SPE-155426-MS 2012
    Efficiency of Removing Filter Cake of Water-Based Drill-in Fluid Using Chelating Agents Utilizing a CT Method
    Slurry viscosity measurements were taken with a Grace M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEDDC/proceedings-abstract/12DDC/All-12DDC/SPE-155426-MS/157404

  63. SPE 161352 2012
    New Slurry Design Concepts Using Multifunctional Additives to Improve Quality and Sustainability of Cementing Systems for Zonal Isolation
    Cement slurry rheology data (measured in FANN degrees) was generated with a rotational viscometer model M3600 from GRACE INSTRUMENTS
    https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-161352-MS

  64. SPE-132535-MS 2010
    A Study of Diversion Using Polymer-Based In-Situ Gelled Acid Systems
    Viscosity of live in-situ gelled acid solutions were measured with a M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPETTCE/proceedings-abstract/10APOR/All-10APOR/SPE-132535-MS/101662

  65. AADE-10-DF-HO-25 (M3500) 2010
    Field Monitoring of Weight-Material Sag
    Laboratory study of drilling fluids as to measure sag-related properties and introduction of new testing techniques that will manage weight-material sag in field operations.
    www.aade.org/app/download/6834686104/AADE-10-DF-HO-25.pdf

  66. SPE-124874-MS 2009
    Acid Re-fracturing: Is it a Good Practice?
    Apparent viscosity of acid solutions were measured with a M3600 Viscometer.
    https://onepetro.org/SPEATCE/proceedings-abstract/09ATCE/All-09ATCE/SPE-124874-MS/147269

  67. Applied Clay Science 36 221-223 (M3500) 2007
    Gelation of water-bentonite suspensions at high temperatures and rheological control with lignite addition
    Experimental study of the effectiveness of lignite addition to bentonite drilling fluids as to control gelation and identify ideal rheological control agents.
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/sciencei/article/pii/S0169131706001827

  68. SPE-102595-MS (M3500) 2006
    Development of a Novel Delivery System for Ultralightweight Proppants in Conventional Fracturing Treatments
    The test methods used in the development of the ULWP delivery system included viscosity measurement utilizing a Grace Model M3500 rotational viscometer.
    https://www.onepetro.org/conference-paper/SPE-102595-MS